In multi-domain operations, siloed data creates operational challenges and potentially imperils mission effectiveness.
Take for example the 2025 Bamboo Eagle exercise, which involved 10,000-plus personnel and more than 175 aircraft, all operating under a single command-and-control (C2) structure. Running that exercise meant reconciling RF and electronic-warfare data, airborne radar and battle-management feeds, and network telemetry pulled from multiple aircraft, each arriving in a different format and classification level.
Fusing that volume of dissimilar, differently-classified traffic into one coherent picture — in near-real time, amidst adversarial jamming — outstrips manual correlation efforts. It demands a purpose-built infrastructure.
The problem is only getting worse. “The next generation of wide-area motion imagery sensors is projected to have the capability of collecting 2.2 petabytes of data each day, which is more data than if someone recorded high-resolution video 24 hours a day, seven days a week, for nearly seven years,” Deloitte predicted in 2023. That expectation is rapidly becoming reality.
The Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) sees this playing out in the Ukraine war, where Ukraine's Delta system provides military intelligence with video, photo, acoustic, and text data streams in tens of terabytes daily. There's value in that data, but as CSIS notes, "combining and integrating insights from diverse sources, including imagery, signals, and other types of intelligence, presents an intricate puzzle for military analysts."
For program managers, systems architects, ISR/SIGINT planners, and joint force integrators, multi-domain operations depend on a unified picture. But sensor data today is captured and stored in domain-specific silos — RF here, network there, telemetry somewhere else. The military needs new solutions to overcome the challenge.
Fragmentation comes with a cost: It can delay or interrupt mission effectiveness. How did we get to this perilous moment? There are historical and technical reasons for the current, siloed data situation.
The military has deployed different sensor types as missions have evolved. These in turn handle data in different formats. Each domain has built its own point solution, optimized for its own capture problem. That can be effective locally, but that high degree of fragmentation creates challenges globally. Consider for example three data types:
The fusion challenge: These three data types differ in sample rate, structure, and semantics. Correlating wildly different volumes and formats onto a common, queryable time base can be significantly challenging, if even possible. Point solutions don't solve this architectural problem.
There is an urgency around solving this challenge, according to researchers at the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO). “DOD expects that, while difficult, pursuing CJADC2 will enable key decision makers to share and use data to perform command and control operations more quickly and easily,” they note. “For example, CJADC2 would support a transition from a model where an analyst receives inputs and manually enters data from different systems — referred to as ‘swivel chair’ analysis — to a model where all data is integrated.”
That’s the potential win. And there’s an operational price to be paid if the Pentagon does not act swiftly on this.
This fragmented situation has a direct mission impact. Silos mean operators will see delayed correlation across domains. Analysts have to manually stitch together timelines, and risk missing cross-domain indicators (e.g., an RF emitter correlating with a network anomaly that no one connects in time).
Risks include:
The GAO's April 2025 report on JADC2 identified a fundamental institutional problem: The Pentagon has not yet established a comprehensive framework to guide its various C2 efforts. Fragmentation at the sensor-capture layer contributes directly to that gap. The military needs a converged sensor-to-shooter picture.
It’s not enough to store RF and network data in adjacent systems. They need a common time base, common query interface, and simultaneous read/write across domains. Specifically, they need:
SensorXpress and the Xpress Platform offer a way for commanders to solve this crucial problem, by unifying time-series data and eliminating the silos that can hinder mission effectiveness.
SensorXpress is built to capture RF/I/Q and sensor telemetry at speed. Because it sits on the same Xpress Platform as PacketXpress, RF and network data share a storage/query/replay layer — instead of living in separate silos.
This hardware-agnostic solution delivers edge-to-rear deployment consistency. It’s the same architecture in a forward-deployed rack or a rear-area center.
This modernized approach delivers tangible outcomes in terms of decision support outcomes.
Instead of surfacing partial insights from fragmented data, analysts and mission planners get one place to query, correlate, and replay across domains. Instead of hopping between systems, they can gain real-time access to the actionable intelligence that drives mission success.
In multi-domain operations, it isn’t enough just to capture data. These missions succeed or fail depending on whether data converges fast enough to be useful.
From satellite networks to tactical edge operations, Axellio supports mission-critical environments with secure, real-time data intelligence solutions – turning fragmented sensor data into mission-ready insight when it matters most.. To explore how SensorXpress and the Xpress Platform can enhance your organization’s operations, reach out through axellio.com.
It's the ability to correlate RF/IQ, network/packet, and telemetry/time-series data, captured at different rates, structures, and classification levels, on a common, queryable time base, so analysts can see one picture instead of reconciling separate systems by hand.
Each sensor type evolved its own point solution optimized for its own capture problem. RF/I/Q, packet, and telemetry data differ in sample rate, structure, and semantics, so storing them in adjacent systems still leaves them fragmented rather than converged.
The Combined Joint All-Domain Command and Control (CJADC2) initiative aims to let commanders share and act on data across multiple domains faster. GAO has found that DOD has not yet established a comprehensive framework to guide its C2 efforts, and fragmentation at the sensor-capture layer is part of that gap.
SensorXpress captures RF/I/Q and sensor telemetry at speed and sits on the same Xpress Platform® as PacketXpress®, so RF and network data share a common storage, query, and replay layer instead of living in separate silos with the same architecture from a forward-deployed rack to a rear-area center.